1、 Overview

The intelligent monitoring system of agricultural greenhouse collects the environmental parameters such as air temperature, humidity, light, soil temperature and soil moisture in real time, makes real-time intelligent decision according to the needs of crop growth, and automatically turns on or off the specified environmental regulation equipment. The deployment and implementation of the system can provide scientific basis and effective means for automatic monitoring of agricultural ecological information, automatic control of facilities and intelligent management.

The solution of greenhouse monitoring and intelligent control is to collect the temperature, humidity, light, soil temperature, soil moisture content, CO2 concentration and other environmental parameters closely related to crop growth in real time through various wireless sensors and network transmission equipment that can be flexibly deployed in the greenhouse, and store and intelligently divide the real-time monitoring data on the data server Analysis and decision-making, and automatically open or close the designated equipment (such as remote control of irrigation, shutter switch, etc.).

2、 Project requirements

Wireless air temperature and humidity sensor, wireless soil temperature sensor, wireless soil moisture sensor, wireless illumination sensor and wireless CO2 sensor are deployed in each intelligent agricultural greenhouse to monitor the environmental parameters such as air temperature and humidity, soil temperature, soil moisture, illumination, CO2 concentration and so on. In order to facilitate deployment and location adjustment, all sensors shall be battery powered and wireless data transmission. In the greenhouse, only a small number of fixed positions need to provide AC 220 V commercial power (such as: fan, water pump, heater, electric roller shutter).

One set of collection and transmission equipment (including routing node, long-distance wireless gateway node, Wi Fi wireless gateway, etc.) is deployed in each agricultural greenhouse park to cover all agricultural greenhouses in the whole park, transmitting sensor data and equipment control instruction data of each agricultural greenhouse in the park to interact with the platform server on the Internet.

Intelligent control equipment (including integrated controller, extended control distribution box, solenoid valve, power conversion adapter, etc.) is installed in each greenhouse that needs intelligent control function to receive control instructions and respond to control execution equipment. Realize the realization of electric rolling shutter, intelligent water spraying, intelligent ventilation and other behaviors in the greenhouse.

3、 System architecture design

(1) Overall structure

The overall structure of the system is divided into four parts: field data collection, network transmission, intelligent data processing platform and remote control.

(2) The system has two typical configuration structures

The system consists of two types of points

Wireless sensor nodes, including wireless air temperature and humidity sensor, wireless soil temperature sensor, wireless soil moisture sensor, wireless illumination sensor, wireless CO2 sensor, etc;

Wireless gateway node, including Wi Fi wireless gateway or GPRS wireless gateway.

The topology of the structure is shown in the following figure:

This structure is suitable for the scenario that the park has Wi Fi LAN coverage or can upload data directly by GPRS. In this architecture, only need to deploy wireless gateway in the appropriate area, can realize the sensor data collection and upload.

The system consists of three types of points:

Wireless sensor nodes, including wireless air temperature and humidity sensor, wireless soil temperature sensor, wireless soil moisture sensor, wireless illumination sensor, wireless CO2 sensor, etc;

Wireless gateway node;

Data router.

The topology of the structure is shown in the following figure:

This structure is suitable for the scenario that the park is not covered by Wi Fi LAN and is not ready to use GPRS to upload data directly. In this structure, data routing nodes and wireless gateways need to be deployed. Data exchange between wireless gateways and data routing nodes is carried out by long-distance wireless communication. When the area is large and the communication distance between nodes is insufficient, the wireless gateway can also carry out automatic data relay between each other to expand the coverage of the monitoring network.

(3) Sensor information collection

In the monitoring network, wireless air temperature and humidity sensor, wireless soil temperature sensor, wireless soil moisture sensor, wireless illumination sensor, wireless CO2 sensor and other sensors support low-power operation, and can use cheap dry battery power supply for long-term work. At the same time, all wireless sensor nodes run the sleep tree low-power multi hop ad hoc network protocol, which can provide automatic data relay and forwarding for other nodes, so as to expand the coverage of the monitoring network and increase the deployment flexibility.

Sleeptree low-power multi hop ad hoc network protocol is established on the basis of IEEE802.15.4 protocol. The frequency selection of wireless communication can be 2.4GHz or 780mhz.

The sensor data is transmitted to the wireless network node through the sleeptree protocol, and the wireless gateway node sends the sensor data to the server of the data platform through the data routing node or directly. Users can access the data platform through wired network / wireless network, monitor the sensor parameters in real time, and control the relevant equipment on the greenhouse site.

4、 Site distribution of shed

The greenhouse site is mainly responsible for the collection of the internal environmental parameters of the greenhouse and the implementation of the control equipment. The collected data mainly includes the parameters required for agricultural production, such as light, air temperature, air humidity, soil temperature, soil moisture, CO2 concentration, etc.

The sensor data upload adopts low-power wireless transmission mode. The sensor data is transmitted to the wireless network node through the wireless transmission module, and the control commands transmitted between the user terminal and the integrated controller are also transmitted to the central node through the wireless transmission module, which saves the deployment of communication cables. The central node then encapsulates the sensor data and control instructions through the edge gateway and sends them to the system business platform on the Internet. Users can access the system business platform through wired network / wireless network, real-time monitor the sensor parameters of the shed site, and control the relevant equipment of the shed site. Low power wireless transmission mode makes the sensor deployment flexible and easy to expand.

The control system is mainly composed of integrated controller, execution equipment and relevant lines. Through the integrated controller, various agricultural production execution equipment can be freely controlled, including water spray system and air conditioning system, etc. the water spray system can support spray, drip irrigation and other equipment, and the air conditioning system can support rolling curtains, fans and other equipment.

The acquisition and transmission part mainly transmits the data collected by the device to the server. The existing greenhouse equipment supports various data transmission modes, such as Wi Fi, GPRS, long-distance wireless transmission, and supports IPv4 networking protocol in the transmission protocol.

The business platform is responsible for providing users with all functions of the intelligent greenhouse, including environmental data monitoring, data space / time distribution, historical data, over threshold alarm and remote control. Users can also add video devices as needed to realize remote video monitoring. Data space / time distribution displays the time distribution (line chart) and spatial distribution (field diagram) and historical data collected by the system to users in an intuitive form, which can provide users with the numerical display of a period of time in history; the over threshold alarm allows the user to formulate a user-defined data range and reflect the situation beyond the range to the user.

5、 Platform software

The system platform software consists of the following four parts:

(1) Data collection and storage service software

The acquisition, analysis and classification of sensor data are completed, and finally stored in the database according to the preset format.

(2) Display and decision software

The graphical interface can read the corresponding data from the database, display the sensor data in the form of tables and curves, and support a variety of query and display modes. The control object and decision algorithm of the decision system can be defined, and the object control software is interconnected to realize automatic control.

(3) Remote control software

Complete the operation of field control object, graphical operation interface, support redefinition of remote switch name and other information, and can be connected with decision-making software to realize automatic control.

(4) SDK secondary development package

Through the SDK development kit, users can fully use their familiar development platform to develop independent intellectual property data display and decision-making platform.

Through the SDK development kit, users can complete the development of an environmental monitoring application system without knowing the underlying information such as the hardware of the system.

Our SDK provides:

① Detailed programming interface and description of data collection and storage service software

② Programming interface and description of object control software

③ Curve display interface routine

④ Database data retrieval routines

⑤ Device object control routine

Among the four software components mentioned above, data collection, storage service software and object control software are directly related to the underlying hardware. Users do not need to carry out any programming development on this part of software. They only need to develop their own display and decision-making software through SDK, and interact with our data collection, storage service software and object control software.

6、 Data acquisition equipment

Project related transfer

七、具体实施方案